05 ธันวาคม, 2551

Unless / As long as / Provided (that) / Providing (that)

Good holiday!

I hope you are all happy with the first holiday of December. I did not know about the word "provided (that)" and "providing (that)" before. I just read it a few minutes ago. Of course, I wanna share with you all.

Provided (that) or providing (that) means "if" or "on condition that"
- She will not pass the examination provided (that) she studies hard.
- Providing (that) she studies hard, she will pass the examination.
- If she studies hard she will pass the examination.

- You can borrow the money, providing you promise me to return it within a week.
- Provided you promise me to return the money within a week, you can borrow it.

Note: When we are talking about the future, do not use will after provided (that) or providing (that). I would like to remind you to use a present tense in this case.

With love,
Madam Li

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